polars.Expr.replace_strict#

Replace all values by different values.

Parameters:

old: Value or sequence of values to replace. Accepts expression input. Sequences are parsed as Series, other non-expression inputs are parsed as literals. Also accepts a mapping of values to their replacement as syntactic sugar for replace_strict(old=Series(mapping.keys()), new=Series(mapping.values())).
new: Value or sequence of values to replace by. Accepts expression input. Sequences are parsed as Series, other non-expression inputs are parsed as literals. Length must match the length of old or have length 1.
default: Set values that were not replaced to this value. If no default is specified, (default), an error is raised if any values were not replaced. Accepts expression input. Non-expression inputs are parsed as literals.
return_dtype: The data type of the resulting expression. If set to None (default), the data type is determined automatically based on the other inputs.

Raises:

InvalidOperationError: If any non-null values in the original column were not replaced, and no default was specified.

See also

replace
str.replace

Examples

Replace values by passing sequences to the old and new parameters.

>>> df = pl.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 2, 3]})
>>> df.with_columns(
...     replaced=pl.col("a").replace_strict([1, 2, 3], [100, 200, 300])
... )
shape: (4, 2)
┌─────┬──────────┐
│ a   ┆ replaced │
│ --- ┆ ---      │
│ i64 ┆ i64      │
╞═════╪══════════╡
│ 1   ┆ 100      │
│ 2   ┆ 200      │
│ 2   ┆ 200      │
│ 3   ┆ 300      │
└─────┴──────────┘

Passing a mapping with replacements is also supported as syntactic sugar.

>>> mapping = {1: 100, 2: 200, 3: 300}
>>> df.with_columns(replaced=pl.col("a").replace_strict(mapping))
shape: (4, 2)
┌─────┬──────────┐
│ a   ┆ replaced │
│ --- ┆ ---      │
│ i64 ┆ i64      │
╞═════╪══════════╡
│ 1   ┆ 100      │
│ 2   ┆ 200      │
│ 2   ┆ 200      │
│ 3   ┆ 300      │
└─────┴──────────┘

By default, an error is raised if any non-null values were not replaced. Specify a default to set all values that were not matched.

>>> mapping = {2: 200, 3: 300}
>>> df.with_columns(
...     replaced=pl.col("a").replace_strict(mapping)
... )  
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
polars.exceptions.InvalidOperationError: incomplete mapping specified for `replace_strict`
>>> df.with_columns(replaced=pl.col("a").replace_strict(mapping, default=-1))
shape: (4, 2)
┌─────┬──────────┐
│ a   ┆ replaced │
│ --- ┆ ---      │
│ i64 ┆ i64      │
╞═════╪══════════╡
│ 1   ┆ -1       │
│ 2   ┆ 200      │
│ 2   ┆ 200      │
│ 3   ┆ 300      │
└─────┴──────────┘

Replacing by values of a different data type sets the return type based on a combination of the new data type and the default data type.

>>> df = pl.DataFrame({"a": ["x", "y", "z"]})
>>> mapping = {"x": 1, "y": 2, "z": 3}
>>> df.with_columns(replaced=pl.col("a").replace_strict(mapping))
shape: (3, 2)
┌─────┬──────────┐
│ a   ┆ replaced │
│ --- ┆ ---      │
│ str ┆ i64      │
╞═════╪══════════╡
│ x   ┆ 1        │
│ y   ┆ 2        │
│ z   ┆ 3        │
└─────┴──────────┘
>>> df.with_columns(replaced=pl.col("a").replace_strict(mapping, default="x"))
shape: (3, 2)
┌─────┬──────────┐
│ a   ┆ replaced │
│ --- ┆ ---      │
│ str ┆ str      │
╞═════╪══════════╡
│ x   ┆ 1        │
│ y   ┆ 2        │
│ z   ┆ 3        │
└─────┴──────────┘

Set the return_dtype parameter to control the resulting data type directly.

>>> df.with_columns(
...     replaced=pl.col("a").replace_strict(mapping, return_dtype=pl.UInt8)
... )
shape: (3, 2)
┌─────┬──────────┐
│ a   ┆ replaced │
│ --- ┆ ---      │
│ str ┆ u8       │
╞═════╪══════════╡
│ x   ┆ 1        │
│ y   ┆ 2        │
│ z   ┆ 3        │
└─────┴──────────┘

Expression input is supported for all parameters.

>>> df = pl.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 2, 3], "b": [1.5, 2.5, 5.0, 1.0]})
>>> df.with_columns(
...     replaced=pl.col("a").replace_strict(
...         old=pl.col("a").max(),
...         new=pl.col("b").sum(),
...         default=pl.col("b"),
...     )
... )
shape: (4, 3)
┌─────┬─────┬──────────┐
│ a   ┆ b   ┆ replaced │
│ --- ┆ --- ┆ ---      │
│ i64 ┆ f64 ┆ f64      │
╞═════╪═════╪══════════╡
│ 1   ┆ 1.5 ┆ 1.5      │
│ 2   ┆ 2.5 ┆ 2.5      │
│ 2   ┆ 5.0 ┆ 5.0      │
│ 3   ┆ 1.0 ┆ 10.0     │
└─────┴─────┴──────────┘