Functions

These functions are available from the polars module root and can be used as expressions, and sometimes also in eager contexts.

---

Available in module namespace:

all()	Either return an expression representing all columns, or evaluate a bitwise AND operation.
all_horizontal(*exprs)	Compute the bitwise AND horizontally across columns.
any()	Evaluate a bitwise OR operation.
any_horizontal(*exprs)	Compute the bitwise OR horizontally across columns.
apply(exprs, function[, return_dtype, ...])	Apply a custom/user-defined function (UDF) in a GroupBy context.
approx_n_unique(column)	Approximate count of unique values.
arange()	Generate a range of integers.
arctan2(y, x)	Compute two argument arctan in radians.
arctan2d(y, x)	Compute two argument arctan in degrees.
arg_sort_by(exprs, *more_exprs[, descending])	Return the row indices that would sort the columns.
arg_where()	Return indices where condition evaluates True.
avg()	Alias for mean.
coalesce(exprs, *more_exprs)	Folds the columns from left to right, keeping the first non-null value.
concat_list(exprs, *more_exprs)	Horizontally concatenate columns into a single list column.
concat_str(exprs, *more_exprs[, separator])	Horizontally concatenate columns into a single string column.
corr(a, b, *[, method, ddof, propagate_nans])	Compute the Pearson's or Spearman rank correlation correlation between two columns.
count()	Count the number of values in this column/context.
cov(a, b)	Compute the covariance between two columns/ expressions.
cumfold(acc, function, exprs, *[, include_init])	Cumulatively accumulate over multiple columns horizontally/ row wise with a left fold.
cumreduce(function, exprs)	Cumulatively accumulate over multiple columns horizontally/ row wise with a left fold.
cumsum()	Cumulatively sum all values.
cumsum_horizontal(*exprs)	Cumulatively sum all values horizontally across columns.
date(year, month, day)	Create a Polars literal expression of type Date.
datetime(year, month, day[, hour, minute, ...])	Create a Polars literal expression of type Datetime.
date_range()	Generate a date range.
date_ranges()	Create a column of date ranges.
duration(*[, days, seconds, nanoseconds, ...])	Create polars Duration from distinct time components.
element()	Alias for an element being evaluated in an eval expression.
exclude(columns, *more_columns)	Represent all columns except for the given columns.
first()	Get the first value.
fold(acc, function, exprs)	Accumulate over multiple columns horizontally/ row wise with a left fold.
format(f_string, *args)	Format expressions as a string.
from_epoch()	Utility function that parses an epoch timestamp (or Unix time) to Polars Date(time).
groups(column)	Syntactic sugar for pl.col("foo").agg_groups().
head()	Get the first n rows.
implode(name)	Aggregate all column values into a list.
int_range()	Generate a range of integers.
int_ranges()	Generate a range of integers for each row of the input columns.
last()	Get the last value.
lit(value[, dtype, allow_object])	Return an expression representing a literal value.
map(exprs, function[, return_dtype])	Map a custom function over multiple columns/expressions.
max()	Get the maximum value.
max_horizontal(*exprs)	Get the maximum value horizontally across columns.
mean()	Get the mean value.
median()	Get the median value.
min()	Get the minimum value.
min_horizontal(*exprs)	Get the minimum value horizontally across columns.
n_unique()	Count unique values.
ones()	Construct a column of length n filled with ones.
quantile(column, quantile[, interpolation])	Syntactic sugar for pl.col("foo").quantile(..).
reduce(function, exprs)	Accumulate over multiple columns horizontally/ row wise with a left fold.
repeat()	Construct a column of length n filled with the given value.
rolling_corr(a, b, *, window_size[, ...])	Compute the rolling correlation between two columns/ expressions.
rolling_cov(a, b, *, window_size[, ...])	Compute the rolling covariance between two columns/ expressions.
select(*exprs, **named_exprs)	Run polars expressions without a context.
std()	Get the standard deviation.
struct()	Collect columns into a struct column.
sum()	Sum all values.
sum_horizontal(*exprs)	Sum all values horizontally across columns.
sql_expr()	Parse one or more SQL expressions to polars expression(s).
tail()	Get the last n rows.
time([hour, minute, second, microsecond])	Create a Polars literal expression of type Time.
time_range()	Generate a time range.
time_ranges()	Create a column of time ranges.
var()	Get the variance.
when(condition)	Start a when-then-otherwise expression.
zeros()	Construct a column of length n filled with zeros.

Available in expression namespace:

Expr.all([drop_nulls])	Check if all boolean values in a Boolean column are True.
Expr.any([drop_nulls])	Check if any boolean value in a Boolean column is True.
Expr.apply(function[, return_dtype, ...])	Apply a custom/user-defined function (UDF) in a GroupBy or Projection context.
Expr.approx_n_unique()	Approximate count of unique values.
Expr.count()	Count the number of values in this expression.
Expr.cumsum(*[, reverse])	Get an array with the cumulative sum computed at every element.
Expr.exclude(columns, *more_columns)	Exclude columns from a multi-column expression.
Expr.first()	Get the first value.
Expr.head([n])	Get the first n rows.
Expr.implode()	Aggregate values into a list.
Expr.map(function[, return_dtype, agg_list])	Apply a custom python function to a Series or sequence of Series.
Expr.max()	Get maximum value.
Expr.mean()	Get mean value.
Expr.median()	Get median value using linear interpolation.
Expr.min()	Get minimum value.
Expr.n_unique()	Count unique values.
Expr.quantile(quantile[, interpolation])	Get quantile value.
Expr.std([ddof])	Get standard deviation.
Expr.sum()	Get sum value.
Expr.tail([n])	Get the last n rows.
Expr.var([ddof])	Get variance.